In March 2025, Italian exports recorded a cyclical decline of 1,0%, against stable imports (+0,2%). The monthly decline in foreign sales was mainly determined by the contraction of exports to European Union countries (-5,0%), while non-EU markets showed a growth of 3,3%, a sign of a rebalancing of trade towards non-traditional areas.
Overall, the first quarter of the year shows a positive trend: compared to the same period in 2024, exports grew by 3,2%, also supported by food, beverage and tobacco products, which recorded a trend increase of 5,5%. In March, on an annual basis, exports of this sector recorded +6,6%, confirming itself among the sectors that contribute most to the positive performance of Italian foreign trade, together with pharmaceuticals and means of transport (excluding motor vehicles).
The growing interest in Made in Italy agri-food is reflected in particular in non-EU markets, where the growth in exports in value (+8,2%) exceeds that recorded in EU countries (+3,7%). This data represents an opportunity for the retail sector, especially for those companies that focus on internationalization and the enhancement of the quality and traceability of Italian products. The increase in exports to the United States (+41,2%) and OPEC countries (+25,0%) highlights a strong demand for Italian products even outside Europe, while the slowdown recorded in markets such as China (-8,3%) and Turkey (-30,1%) invites us to maintain diversified commercial strategies.
The context of import prices appears more favorable than in previous months. In March, in fact, there was a decrease of 1,0% on a monthly basis and a limited annual growth (+0,6%). For the food and beverage distribution sector, this may translate into a slight easing of pressure on supply costs, even if the energy deficit – equal to -3.894 million euros – continues to represent an element of vulnerability for the entire economic system.
In March, the Italian trade surplus stood at 3.657 million euros, down from 4.296 million in the same month of 2024. The surplus in non-energy trade also decreased, from 8.102 million to 7.551 million. However, these are values that confirm the solidity of Italian production in key sectors, including food.
For the coming months, the outlook remains marked by cautious optimism. International demand for Italian food & beverage products appears solid, and retail, especially in specialized and high added value segments, can benefit from this positive trend. However, it remains essential to monitor the trend of energy and raw material costs, as well as the evolution of demand in foreign markets in a still uncertain geopolitical context.
